Dosage / Direction for Use
Adult 250 mg 6 hrly, may be increased up to ≥4 g/day. Childn 30-50 mg/kg/day in divided doses. Severe infections: Dosage may be doubled. Pharyngitis & tonsillitis Usual dose 20-50 mg/kg/day in divided doses. ≥36 kg 1,000 mg, 25-36 kg 750 mg, 18-25 kg 500 mg, 11-18 kg 375 mg, <10 kg 250 mg. Prophylaxis of streptococcal infections in persons w/ history of rheumatic heart disease 250 mg bid. Prophylaxis against bacterial endocarditis in penicillin allergic patient w/ congenital heart disease/rheumatic/other acquired valvular heart disease when undergoing dental procedure/ surgery of the upper resp tract Adult 1 g orally 1 hr pre-op, 500 mg orally 6 hr post-op. Childn 20 mg/kg orally 1 hr pre-op, 10 mg/kg orally 6 hr post-op. Primary syphilis 20 g in divided doses for 10 days. Dysenteric amoebiasis Adult 250 mg qid for 10-14 days. Childn 30-50 mg/kg/day in divided doses for 10-14 days. Pertussis 40-50 mg/kg/day in divided doses for 5-14 days. Legionnaire's disease 1-4 g daily in divided doses. Conjunctivitis in newborn Oral susp 50 mg/kg/day in 4 divided doses for 2 wk. Pneumonia of infant Oral susp 50 mg/kg/day in 4 divided doses for 3 wk. Urogenital infections during pregnancy 500 mg qid for 7 days. For women who cannot tolerate this regimen, reduce dose to 250 mg qid for 14 days. Uncomplicated urethral, endocervical/rectal infections 500 mg qid for 7 days.
Administration
Should be taken on an empty stomach: Best taken 1 hr before or 2 hr after meals. May be taken w/ meals to reduce GI discomfort.
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity. Cholestatic hepatitis, jaundice. Preexisting liver disease.
Special Precautions
Impaired hepatic function. May interfere w/ AST (SGOT) & urinary catecholamine determination. Monitor creatinine kinase & serum transaminase levels. Pseudomembranous colitis. Pregnancy & lactation. Infants.
Side Effects / Adverse Reactions
GI disturbances eg abdominal cramping & discomfort, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea. Urticaria, other skin rashes, anaphylaxis. Hearing loss &/or tinnitus. Infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis.
Interactions
Theophylline, digoxin, anticoagulant, ergotamine or dihydroergotamine, triazolam, midazolam, carbamazepine, cyclosporin, hexobarbital, phenytoin, alfentanil, disopyramide, quinidine, lincomycin, clindamycin & probenecid. HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors eg lovastatin & simvastatin, bromocriptine. PDE5 inhibitors eg sildenafil, tadalafil & vardenafil. Terfenadine. Cisapride, astemizole, pimozide, verapamil or diltiazem.