DAPHNE 500MCG PILLS (PACK)

Dosage / Direction for Use: 1 tab daily beginning on the 1st day of menstrual bleeding, interval between 2 tab should be 24 hr. Start a new pack the next day after taking the last tab. If a tab is missed for <3 hr, take immediately. Resume taking the next tab. Overdosage: No serious ill effects have been reported after ingestion of large doses of oral contraceptives, although it may cause nausea and withdrawal bleeding. Treatment is unnecessary because the overdose is unlikely to be life-threatening. Ask the healthcare provider for further instructions. Administration: May be taken with or without food: May be taken w/ meals to reduce GI discomfort. Contraindications: Porphyria, severe arterial disease, undiagnosed vag bleeding, hormone-dependent neoplasms, severe liver disease eg, hepatic adenoma, after recent evacuation of hydatidiform mole. Special Precautions Asthma, DM, epilepsy, heart disease, HTN, thromboembolic disorders, history of depression, past ectopic pregnancy, functional ovarian cysts, malabsorption syndromes, migraine, other conditions which may be aggravated by fluid retention. Renal impairment. Liver dysfunction including cholestatic jaundice or history of jaundice in pregnancy. Side Effects / Adverse Reactions: GI disturbances, changes in appetite or wt, fluid retention, edema, chloasma, allergic skin rashes, urticaria, mental depression, breast changes including discomfort or occasionally gynecomastia, changes in libido, hair loss, hirsutism, fatigue, drowsiness, insomnia, fever, headache, premenstrual syndrome-like symptoms & altered menstrual cycles or irregular menstrual bleeding, alterations in the serum lipid profile. Interactions: Reduced contraceptive efficacy w/ hepatic enzyme-inducers eg, carbamazepine, griseofulvin, modafinil, nelfinavir, nevirapine, oxcarbazepine, phenytoin, phenobarb, primidone, ritonavir, St. John's Wort, topiramate, rifabutin, rifampicin & rufinamide. May result to contraceptive failure w/ aprepitant & bosentan. May increase incidence of side effects w/ amprenavir, sitaxentan, atorvastatin & tacrolimus. May enhance or reduce anticoagulant effect of coumarins & increase clearance of analgesics (eg, paracetamol & morphine). May antagonize hypoglycemic effect of antidiabetics & anticoagulant effect of phenindione. May increase plasma conc of ciclosporin, selegiline & tizanidine. May reduce plasma conc of lamotrigine. Mechanism of Action: Pharmacology: Pharmacodynamics: Mechanism of Action: Lynestrenol works primarily by thickening cervical mucus (this blocks sperm from meeting an egg) and disrupting the menstrual cycle, including preventing the release of eggs from the ovaries (ovulation). Pharmacokinetics: Lynestrenol is a progestogen structurally related to norethistrone. Progestogens are derived from progesterone or 19-nortestosterone and with actions similar to those of progesterone. Lynestrenol is highly protein bound and undergo hepatic metabolism to various conjugates, which are excreted in urine.